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Running a flow log is a highly effective way to troubleshoot packet flow in an Azure environment. Flow logs provide detailed information about the network traffic and the flow of packets within your Azure environment. By collecting this data, you can analyze trends, identify anomalies, and pinpoint issues related to packet flow, such as blocked traffic or unexpected routing. This log captures details such as source and destination IP addresses, ports, and protocols, allowing for a detailed examination of the network traffic behavior.

While the other options can assist in troubleshooting and monitoring network performance, they serve different purposes. Azure Monitor is a broad service that provides insights and metrics across various Azure resources but may not specifically focus solely on packet flow. Network Security Groups (NSGs) help control and filter network traffic but do not provide the granular logging details that a flow log does. Azure Monitor Logs capture various log data but again do not provide the specific flow-related insights that are essential for analyzing packet flow directly. Therefore, for effective troubleshooting of packet flow, running a flow log is the most targeted approach.